Tuesday, June 15, 2021

Media Regulation: Case Study, "13 Reasons Why" & "Manhunt"

 


- 'Details about the movie':

-Creator: Brian Yorkey 

-Distributor: Netflix original

-Came out: 31st March 2017

-Directed by: Tom Mcarthy

-Available on: Netflix, Amazon Prime Video

- Where was it released? What countries?

- Released on: 30th March 2017, Netflix. 30th March 2017, Amazon Prime Video

- Countries released in: On Netflix, it was released worldwide, although in New Zealand it was banned for people under 18.

The controversy surrounding '13 Reasons why':

'13 Reasons Why 'prides itself on tackling difficult issues head-on, but its approach has resulted in many controversies. Based on Jay Asher's novel of the same name, '13 Reasons why arrived on Netflix in 2017. Its first season told the story of Hannah Baker's suicide, through a series of flashbacks that detailed the "13 reasons why" she had taken her own life.

Those reasons included a culture of bullying and drugs at her school, which resulted in many students making poor decisions and then trying to deal with the regrettable consequences. They also included rape and the revelation that Hannah and her friend, Jessica, had both been raped by the football captain, Bryce Walker. Not only were many of the scenes triggering for viewers, but Hannah's suicide was shown in graphic detail, prompting an outcry across social media.

https://screenrant.com/13-reasons-why-controversy-explained/

- What rating did the NZ classifications board give it? Why?:

The Office of Film and Literature Classification consulted with the Mental Health Foundation in classifying 13 Reasons Why as RP18 An RP18 classification means that someone under 18 must be supervised by a parent or guardian when viewing the series. A guardian is considered to be a responsible adult (18 years and over), for example, a family member or teacher who can provide guidance.) with a warning that it contains rape, suicide themes, drug use, and bullying.

https://www.classificationoffice.govt.nz/news/latest-news/chief-censor-applies-rp18-classification-to-13-reasons-why-season-2/

- What was the rating in other countries?:

It was deemed by the BBFC as a 15+ rated movie on Netflix and any other streaming services. 


"Manhunt":

Brief overview of manhunt the videogame:

"Manhunt" is a 2003 stealth and survival horror game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games, originally released for the PlayStation 2 in November 2003, and for Microsoft Windows and Xbox in April 2004. "Manhunt" was released through the PlayStation Network for the PlayStation 3 in 2013 and PlayStation 4 in 2016. Set within the fictional Carcer City, the story follows James Earl Cash, a death row prisoner who is forced to participate in a series of snuff films, earning his freedom by murdering criminal gang members sent to hunt him on camera.

The game received positive reviews from critics, with particular praise directed at its dark tone and violent nature, winning several accolades and gaining a substantial cult following. "Manhunt" was subject to a significant video game controversy due to the level of graphic violence depicted, banned in several countries, and was implicated in a murder by the UK media, although this accusation was later rejected by the police and courts. Manhunt spawned the sequel Manhunt 2 in 2007, with new characters and a new story. As of March 2008, the Manhunt series has collectively sold 1.7 million copies.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhunt_(video_game)

-Developers: Rockstar North

-Publishers: Rockstar Games

-Producers: Andy Hay, and, Leslie Benzies

-Release date and platforms released on: Playstation 2 in the USA November 19, 2003. Playstation 2 in Europe November 21st, 2003. On Xbox, and windows in USA  April 20, 2004. On Xbox, and windows in Europe April 23, 2004

-Controversy: The controversy surrounding the game stems primarily from the graphic manner in which the player executes enemies. In 2007, former Rockstar employee Jeff Williams revealed that even the game's staff were somewhat uncomfortable about the level of violence; "there was almost a mutiny at the company over that game." Williams explained that the game "just made us all feel icky. It was all about the violence, and it was realistic violence. We all knew there was no way we could explain away that game. There was no way to rationalize it. We were crossing a line."

The violence in the game drew the attention of U.S. Representative Joe Baca, who was the sponsor of legislation to fine those who sell adult-themed games to players younger than 17. Baca said of Manhunt, "it's telling kids how to kill someone, and it uses vicious, sadistic and cruel methods to kill". The media was also drawn into the debate. For example, The Globe and Mail wrote "Manhunt is a venal disconnect for the genre. There's no challenge, just assembly-line, ritualistic slaughter. It's less a video game and more a weapon of personal destruction. This is about stacking bodies. Perhaps the scariest fact of all: Manhunt is so user-friendly that any sharp 12-year-old could navigate through the entire game in one sitting." 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhunt_(video_game)


-Age rating: 18+ around the world, but banned in UK, Australia, and New Zealand.








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